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目的:了解目前成都市社区居民的营养知识、态度、行为(KAP)水平及其影响因素,为在社区居民中开展营养教育提供依据。方法:按整群抽样法,选取成都市玉林社区15岁以上常住居民980名进行入户访谈式问卷调查。结果:调查对象营养K分、A分、P分的优秀率分别为2 5 4 %、5 7 6 %、12 8% ,主要缺乏对中国居民膳食指南、疾病相关营养知识等方面的了解;食物选择、3餐安排及早餐食物搭配等饮食行为不合理。营养知识的主要影响因素是文化程度、职业;营养态度的主要影响因素是营养知识水平、职业、文化程度、性别;营养行为的主要影响因素是营养知识水平、年龄、营养态度及性别。调查对象营养信息实际和期望来源均主要是广播电视、报刊杂志及专业书籍。结论:成都市社区居民的营养知识水平普遍较低,营养行为存在诸多不合理,但营养态度尚可。应加强对社区居民的营养知识宣传和饮食行为指导。
Objective: To understand the nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior (KAP) level and its influencing factors of community residents in Chengdu, and to provide basis for developing nutrition education among community residents. Methods: According to the cluster sampling method, 980 permanent residents aged over 15 years in Yulin Community of Chengdu City were selected for an interview questionnaire survey. Results: The excellent rates of K, A, and P scores of the subjects were 254%, 576%, and 128%, respectively. The lack of understanding of Chinese dietary guidelines, disease-related nutritional knowledge, etc. Choices, three-meal arrangements and breakfast foods are unreasonable. The main influencing factors of nutrition knowledge are education level and occupation; the main influencing factors of nutrition attitude are nutrition knowledge level, occupation, education level and gender; the main influencing factors of nutrition behavior are nutrition knowledge level, age, nutrition attitude and gender. The actual and expected sources of nutrition information of respondents were mainly radio and television, newspapers, magazines and professional books. Conclusion: The nutritional knowledge of community residents in Chengdu is generally low, and there are many unreasonable nutritional behaviors, but the nutrition attitude is acceptable. It is necessary to strengthen guidance on the promotion of nutrition knowledge and dietary behavior for community residents.