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培育出具有耐旱特性的水稻品种从而经济地利用水分是一个重要的课题。本试验旨在通过远缘杂交将野生稻Oryza meridionalis和Oryza australiensis的耐旱特性转移到栽培稻Oryza Sativa。本试验用Oryza meridionalis花粉对Oryza sativa共2419朵小花进行杂交授粉,并对杂交获得的18粒F1代未成熟种子进行胚胎拯救,最终仅有一粒F1种子发芽并发育成植株,并获得一粒F2代种子,其杂交率为0.46%,萌芽率为50%,F1代杂种的结实率为0.024%;用Oryza australiensis花粉对Oryza sativa共1848朵小花进行杂交授粉,并对杂交获得的48粒F1代未成熟种子进行了胚胎拯救,有11粒F1种子发芽并发育成植株,全部不育,其杂交率为0.60%,萌芽率为31.1%。本试验还对F1代杂种的形态学和农艺学特性进行了观察,并就提高杂交率的方法及伪杂种问题进行了讨论。
It is an important issue to breed rice varieties with drought tolerance and use water economically. The aim of this experiment was to transfer the drought tolerance characteristics of Oryza meridionalis and Oryza australiensis to Oryza sativa by distant crossing. In this study, Oryza meridionalis pollen on Oryza sativa a total of 2419 flowers pollination, and the hybridization of 18 F1 generation of immature seeds embryo rescue, and ultimately only one F1 seed germination and development into plants and get a F2 generation Seed, the rate of hybridization was 0.46%, the rate of germination was 50% and the rate of seed set of F1 hybrid was 0.024%. A total of 1848 flowers of Oryza sativa were cross-pollinated with Oryza australiensis pollen and 48 F1 plants Mature seeds were embryo rescue, 11 F1 seeds germinated and developed into plants, all of them were sterile. The rate of hybridization was 0.60% and the rate of germination was 31.1%. The morphological and agronomic characteristics of F1 hybrids were also observed in this experiment. The methods to improve the hybridization rate and the pseudo-hybrids were also discussed.