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目的调查鄂温克族牧民砖茶型氟铝联合中毒病情。方法随机对鄂温克族16~55岁男女均衡62名牧民进行发、血清、尿氟铝水平及血清电解质、生物化学检查,同时检测饮水、牛奶、砖茶、奶茶等氟铝水平,并进行临床检诊和拍摄前臂、骨盆正位X线片,不饮用砖茶的16~55岁男女均衡41名居民为对照组。结果发、血清、尿铝水平牧民组分别为(24.60±9.82)mg/Kg、(0.78±0.25)、(2.84±0.65)mg/L,对照组分别为(12.50±4.55)mg/kg、(0.18±0.11)、(2.09±0.64)mg/L;发、血清、尿氟水平牧民组分别为(1.00±0.52)mg/kg、(0.10±0.10)、(2.74±1.42)mg/L,对照组分别为(1.39±1.34)mg/kg、(0.04±0.03)、(0.87±0.43)mg/L;牧民发、血、尿铝及血、尿氟显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。牧民组血清AST、LDH、HBDH、ALP显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。X线摄片牧民组氟骨症检出率50.00%,关节退行性变检出率61.29%,骨间膜骨化33.87%,疏松型改变检出率29.03%,硬化型改变检出率8.06%;对照组氟骨症检出率2.44%,退行性变检出率34.15%,疏松型改变检出率21.95%,骨间膜骨化检出率2.44%,硬化型改变2.44%,X线氟骨症、关节退行性变、骨间膜骨化牧民组均高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论内蒙古鄂温克族牧民饮茶型氟中毒病情较为严重,其发病机理较为复杂,并导致多组织、器官损伤,可能为砖茶型氟铝联合中毒。
Objective To investigate the joint occurrence of brick-tea Fluoride-Al in the Noewok herdsmen. Methods A total of 62 herdsmen aged between 16 and 55 years in Ewenki were randomly divided into two groups. Serum electrolytes and serum electrolytes and biochemical tests were performed. The levels of fluoride and aluminum in drinking water, milk, brick tea and milk tea were measured at the same time. And 41 foreigners aged between 41 and 55, who took forearm, pelvis orthopedic radiographs and did not drink brick tea as the control group. Results (24.60 ± 9.82) mg / Kg, (0.78 ± 0.25) and (2.84 ± 0.65) mg / L in serum and urine-aluminum level group were (12.50 ± 4.55) mg / kg and (1.00 ± 0.52) mg / kg, (0.10 ± 0.10) and (2.74 ± 1.42) mg / L respectively in control group and control group (0.18 ± 0.11 vs 2.09 ± 0.64 mg / (1.39 ± 1.34) mg / kg, (0.04 ± 0.03) and (0.87 ± 0.43) mg / L, respectively. The levels of blood, urine aluminum, blood and urinary fluoride in herdsmen were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.01). Serum AST, LDH, HBDH and ALP in herdsmen group were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.01). The detection rate of skeletal fluorosis was 50.00% in X-ray group, 61.29% in joint degeneration, 33.87% in interosseous ossification, 29.03% in loose type, 8.06% in sclerosing type change, . In the control group, the detection rate of skeletal fluorosis was 2.44%, the detection rate of degeneration was 34.15%, the detection rate of loose type was 21.95%, the detection rate of interosseous ossification was 2.44%, the sclerotic type was 2.44% Bone disease, degenerative joint degeneration and interosseous ossification were higher in the herdsmen group than in the control group (P <0.01). Conclusion Ewenki herdsmen living in Inner Mongolia have a more severe condition of drinking tea fluorosis. The pathogenesis is more complicated, which leads to multiple tissue and organ damage.