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目的了解安徽省艾滋病病毒(HIV)阳性孕产妇所生婴儿,在出生及12月龄内的生长发育状况。方法采用回顾性队列研究方法,以安徽省HIV阳性孕产妇所生新生儿队列为暴露组,以宣城市泾县一般孕产妇所生新生儿队列为非暴露组,按照1︰2比例匹配,比较两组婴儿在出生及1、3、6、9、12月龄的生长发育状况。同时将所得的两组儿童的生长发育数据与世界卫生组织(WHO)标准进行比较。结果暴露组共有新生儿189人,接受1、3、6、9和12月龄随访服务的婴儿各为120人、112人、98人、93人和93人。暴露组儿童与WHO标准比较结果显示,仅男婴出生体重和出生身长低于WHO标准(P<0.05),其他月龄男婴和各月龄女婴生长发育情况良好。非暴露组与WHO标准比较结果显示:各月龄儿童身长和体重均优于WHO标准。暴露组与非暴露组婴儿的身长、体重差异集中在6月龄及以前,但两组在各月龄的肥胖、超重、消瘦检出率差异均无统计学意义。结论 HIV阳性孕产妇所生婴儿的体重和身长发育良好;在6月龄前的身长和体重略低于同月龄一般儿童,随后则与一般儿童趋于一致;超重和肥胖比例较高,应引起重视。
Objective To understand the growth and development status of infants born to HIV-positive pregnant women in Anhui Province at birth and 12 months of age. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted in which neonatal cohorts born in HIV-positive pregnant women in Anhui Province were used as the exposure group. Neonatal cohorts born in Jingxian County, Xuancheng City were non-exposed and matched according to a 1: 2 ratio Two groups of infants at birth and 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 months of age growth and development status. At the same time, the growth and development data of the two groups of children were compared with the WHO standards. Results There were 189 newborns in the exposed group and 120, 112, 98, 93 and 93 infants who were followed up for 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age respectively. Compared with the WHO standard, the results showed that only the birth weight and birth length of the infant boys were lower than the WHO standards (P <0.05). The growth of the baby boys of other age groups and all the month-old girls was good. Compared with the WHO standard, the non-exposed group showed that the height and weight of children of all ages were better than the WHO standard. The difference of body weight and length between infants exposed and non-exposed infants was concentrated at 6 months and before. However, there was no significant difference in the detection rates of obesity, overweight and emaciation between the two groups at each age. Conclusion The body weight and length of babies born to HIV-positive pregnant women are well developed; their body length and weight are slightly lower than those of children of the same age before 6 months of age, and then tend to be consistent with that of children in general; the higher proportion of overweight and obesity should cause Pay attention.