蔡和森和毛泽东是早期接受马克思主义的先进知识分子,其对马克思主义中国化早期探索的动因有三个:一是动荡不安的社会现实的刺激;二是受新文化运动的感召;三是交友结社,相互切磋、交流中的启迪。他们对马克思主义中国化的探索是从接受唯物史观开始的,一是抛弃唯心史观,确立唯物史观,奠定探索的思想基础;二是以唯物史观作指导,肃清非马克思主义思想影响,坚定马克思主义的思想信仰。在此基础上,他们对马克思主义中国化的组织领导——建党问题作了深入探讨,并付诸实践。蔡和森、毛泽东早期探索集中体现了先导性、思辨性、务实性、创新性等特色。 Cai Hesen and Mao Zedong, the early advanced intellectuals who accepted Marxism, had three reasons for the early exploration of Marxism in China: one was the stimulation of the turbulent social reality; the other was inspired by the New Culture Movement; the other was the association and association, Mutual learning, exchange of inspiration. Their exploration of the sinicization of Marxism begins with the acceptance of historical materialism. The first is to abandon the idealist view of history, establish the historical materialism and lay the ideological foundation for exploration. The second is to use the historical materialism as a guide to eliminate the influence of non-Marxist thought , Firm belief in Marxism. On this basis, they conducted in-depth discussions on the organizational leadership of the sinicization of Marxism and the founding of the party and put it into practice. Cai Hesen and Mao Zedong’s early explorations concentrated on such characteristics as being pioneering, speculative, pragmatic and innovative.