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为量化机车编组方式对重载列车再充气特性的影响,结合神华铁路万吨重载列车纵向动力学试验结果,对万吨重载列车再充气特性进行分析,并利用基于气体流动理论的空气制动系统仿真方法,建立列车空气制动系统模型,通过试验对比验证仿真系统的准确性,对不同机车编组、多机车不同滞后时间和不同减压量的再充气过程进行仿真。计算结果表明:列车头部机车数目增加对首车再充气特性影响较小,2种编组列车的副风缸压强差值小于15kPa;单编列车充风时间是3辆机车编组充风时间的2.4倍;当机车集中于列车前部时,充风时间缩短量与机车数目增加量非正比关系,即3辆机车集中编组的充风时间不是单编列车充风时间的3/10;机车数目对于充风时间的影响完全取决于编组方式,分散编组减压50kPa的充风时间较集中编组节省37%~75%,机车集中编组减压110kPa的充风时间是分散编组的1.5~3.5倍,分散编组常用全制动的充风时间为机车集中编组的30%~63%;从控机车滞后时间对充风时间影响较小,充风时间增长量与滞后时间相近;得到4种机车编组方式不同减压量的充风时间的二次拟合函数,随着减压量的增加,4种机车编组的充风时间增长缓慢。
In order to quantify the influence of locomotive grouping method on the recharging characteristics of heavy haul trains, the recharging characteristics of 10,000-ton heavy-haul train were analyzed based on the longitudinal dynamic test results of 10,000-ton heavy haul trains of Shenhua Railway. Based on the air flow theory The dynamic braking system model of train is established. The accuracy of the simulation system is validated through experiments, and the recharging process of different locomotive marshalling, multi-locomotive lag time and different decompression amount is simulated. The calculation results show that the increase of train head locomotive number has less influence on the first car’s recharging performance, and the difference of the pressure difference between the two types of train is less than 15kPa. The single train charging time is 2.4 hours Times; when the locomotive focus on the front of the train, the shortening of the charging time is not proportional to the increase of the number of locomotives, that is, the charging time of the three locomotives centralized grouping is not 3/10 of the charging time of the single train; the number of locomotives The impact of the charging time depends entirely on the grouping mode. The charging time of the dispersed group with a pressure reduction of 50kPa is 37% -75% less than that of the centralized grouping. The charging time of the 110kPa locomotive centralized grouping is 1.5-3.5 times that of the dispersed grouping The common full braking time of charging group is 30% -63% of the centralized grouping of locomotives; the lag time of slave locomotive has little effect on the charging time, and the increasing amount of charging time is similar to the lagging time; Decompression amount of the second fitting function of the charging time, with the increase of the amount of decompression, four kinds of locomotive group charging slowly growing.