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目的了解我国北方和南方某地农村水厂水处理工艺情况以及原水、末梢水隐孢子虫的污染现状,为防治原虫介水传染病提供科学依据。方法对水厂的水源及水处理工艺等进行现场卫生学调查,并采集原水及末梢水检测水样中隐孢子虫卵囊及水质相关指标。结果调查的10座水厂中,6座水厂为完全水处理工艺,消毒方式主要以含氯消毒剂为主。以地下水为水源的水厂原水及末梢水中未检出隐孢子虫卵囊;以地面水为水源的水厂原水及末梢水中检出了隐孢子虫卵囊,但符合生活饮用水卫生标准的限值要求。结论地表水中隐孢子虫的污染高于地下水,应加强农村饮用水卫生宣传工作和农村水厂的运行管理,保障供水水质的卫生安全。
Objective To understand the status of water treatment process and the status of water and peripheral Cryptosporidium in the rural waterworks in the north and south of our country and provide a scientific basis for preventing and controlling waterborne diseases of protozoa. Methods The on-site hygiene investigation was carried out on the water source and water treatment process of the waterworks, and the raw water and the peripheral water were collected to test the oocysts of Cryptosporidium oocysts and water quality related indexes. Results Of the 10 water plants surveyed, 6 were complete water treatment processes. The main disinfection methods were chlorine-based disinfectants. Cryptosporidium oocysts were not detected in the raw water and the peripheral water of the waterworks with groundwater as the source; Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in the raw water and the peripheral water of the waterworks with the groundwater as the water source, but the limit of hygienic standard of drinking water was met Value requirements. Conclusion Cryptosporidium in surface water is more polluted than groundwater. Health promotion of drinking water in rural areas and operation and management of rural waterworks should be strengthened to ensure the hygiene and safety of water quality.