维也纳国际经济比较研究所的经验调研成果《从指令体制向市场体制的转轨:有何失误和现在如何做?》①,主要涉及中东欧(维谢格拉德集团国家)的经济改革,但其结论也适用于其他改革进展尚不大的国家的经济改革。经济改革无疑需要同国家社会主义遗留下来的妨碍所有必要变革的东西作斗争。这里指的是价格由行政规定并被扭曲,大多数国营企业效益不好,私营经济不发达或者几乎没有,经 The results of the survey conducted by the Vienna Institute of International Economic Research “The transition from a command system to a market system: what are the shortcomings and what is the current situation?”, Mainly related to the economic reforms in Central and Eastern Europe (Visegrad group countries), but concluded It also applies to economic reforms in other countries where progress has not yet been made. Economic reform undoubtedly needs to fight the legacy of national socialism that hinders all the necessary changes. Here refers to the price by the administrative regulations and distorted, most state-owned enterprises are not profitable, the private economy is underdeveloped or almost none,