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Objective: To investigate potential therapeutic effects and mechanism of Weining granule in the treatment of gastric precancerous lesions. Methods: Sixty rats were randomly assigned to a blank group or a model group or to receive retinoic acid or high-, medium-or low-dose of Weining granule. General conditions of the animals were observed before and after treatment. Changes in gastric mucosal pathohistology, telomerase activity, proliferation index (PI) and apoptosis index (AI) were measured. Results: General conditions, including activity and eating, were improved in all Weining-granule-treated groups with the numbers of rats having intestinal metaplasia (IM), atypical hyperplasia (ATP) or positive telomerase activity being significantly lower than those in the model group (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01). Compared with the model group, all doses of Weining granule significantly decreased PI (P ＜ 0.01) and increased AI (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: Weining granule may provide a therapeutic benefit for the treatment of gastric precancerous lesions by inhibiting telomerase activity and proliferation of gastric cancer cells and by accelerating their apoptosis.