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目的:掌握贵阳市农村环境卫生现状和健康危害因素水平。方法:采用现场调查、病媒生物和土壤检测等方法。结果:调查农村卫生厕所覆盖率为66.6%,集中式供水覆盖率为73.1%;63.3%的生活污水随意排放;生活垃圾收集方式为随意堆放的占56.7%;土壤中铅含量二级的占10.0%,镉含量为二级的占63.3%,蛔虫卵的成活率和检出率分别均达90.0%以上。结论:贵阳市部分地区农村环境卫生现状不容乐观,农村家庭生活垃圾和生活污水缺乏管理,农村家庭厨房卫生状况不佳,农村环境卫生状况亟待改善。
Objective: To grasp the present situation of rural sanitation in Guiyang and the level of health hazard factors. Methods: Using field investigation, vector bioassay and soil testing methods. Results: The coverage rate of rural sanitary latrines was 66.6%, the coverage of centralized water supply was 73.1%, 63.3% of domestic sewage was discharged randomly, 56.7% of garbage was collected randomly, and the secondary level of lead in soil was 10.0% %, Cadmium content of 63.3% of the two, roundworm eggs, the survival rate and detection rates were up to 90.0%. Conclusion: The present situation of rural sanitation in some areas in Guiyang City is not optimistic. The domestic household garbage and domestic sewage in rural areas are not managed well. The sanitary conditions of rural home kitchen are not good and the situation of rural sanitation should be improved urgently.