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沿海地区是当前我国经济社会发展程度最高、生态环境压力最大的地区,而沿海规划建设项目决定了海岸带资源环境开发利用的规模、强度及空间格局。生态承载力评价是项目规划可持续开发利用海岸带自然资源、保护生态环境、确保经济社会健康可持续发展的必要前提。基于常规沿海项目规划对海岸带产生的资源环境压力类型,从提升生态承载力评价应用价值角度界定了海岸带生态承载力的概念和内涵,系统总结、回顾了国内外生境适宜性评价、陆域建设用地开发适宜性评价、围填海生态适宜性评价与海域水环境容量评价研究发展进程,指出我国海岸带生态承载力评价亟需广泛参考借鉴国外研究成果,构建系统完整的生态承载力评价方法体系,并在生态承载力量化评价及空间可视化研究领域展开深入探索,为促进我国沿海地区经济社会生态文明发展建设进程提供有力支撑。
Coastal areas are currently the regions where economic and social development in our country has the highest degree of stress and the ecological environment has the greatest pressure. Coastal coastal planning and construction projects have determined the scale, intensity and spatial pattern of development and utilization of resources and environment in coastal areas. The evaluation of ecological carrying capacity is the prerequisite for the sustainable development of economy and society in the project planning for the sustainable development and utilization of coastal natural resources, ecological environment protection and economic and social development. Based on the type of resources and environment pressure on coastal zone caused by conventional coastal project planning, this paper defines the concept and connotation of ecological carrying capacity of coastal zone from the perspective of enhancing the application value of ecological carrying capacity. It summarizes and reviews the domestic and international habitat suitability assessment, It is pointed out that the evaluation of ecological carrying capacity of coastal areas in our country is in urgent need of extensive reference and reference to foreign research results to build a systematic evaluation method of ecological carrying capacity System and conducted in-depth exploration in the field of quantitative evaluation of ecological carrying capacity and spatial visualization research, providing strong support for promoting the process of economic and social development in the coastal areas in China.