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[目的]探索苦瓜农艺性状遗传多样性及核心种质遗传关系。[方法]以141份苦瓜种质资源为研究材料,对13个农艺性状进行遗传多样性分析,另外,以46份苦瓜核心种质为研究对象,分别基于5个农艺性状的表型值和基因型值进行种质亲缘关系比较分析。[结果]农艺性状遗传多样性分析结果表明:苦瓜种质资源4个质量性状的遗传多样性指数变幅为0.46~1.34,9个数量性状的遗传多样性指数变幅为4.90~4.94,其中9个数量性状数据分布较为分散,变异系数平均值为20.02%。[结果]核心种质亲缘关系分析结果表明:分别基于5个数量性状的表型值和基因型效应值计算苦瓜种质间的遗传距离,两种分析结果存在一定偏差。基于基因型值分析结果表明不同种质间遗传距离变幅为0.84~10.71,在聚类重新标定距离为8.5时,46份苦瓜核心种质被分为17个类群,进一步明确了不同种质间的亲缘关系。[结论]该研究结果为苦瓜核心种质的有效利用和新品种选育奠定了坚实的基础。
[Objective] The research aimed to explore the genetic diversity of agronomic traits and the genetic relationship of core collection in bitter melon. [Method] With 141 accessions of bitter gourd germplasm resources as research materials, 13 agronomic traits were analyzed for genetic diversity. In addition, based on the 46 core collection of bitter melon seeds, the phenotypic values and genes of 5 agronomic traits Type value of germplasm relatives comparative analysis. [Result] The results of genetic diversity analysis of agronomic traits showed that the genetic diversity index of 4 quality traits of Momordica charantia varied from 0.46 to 1.34, while the genetic diversity index of 9 quantitative traits ranged from 4.90 to 4.94, of which 9 The distribution of number traits data is more scattered, the average coefficient of variation is 20.02%. [Result] The results of karyotype analysis of core collection showed that the genetic distance between Balsam pear germplasms was calculated based on phenotypic value and genotype effect value of five quantitative traits, respectively. There was a certain deviation between the two results. Based on the genotypic value analysis results, the genetic distances between different germplasm ranged from 0.84 to 10.71. When the clustering re-calibration distance was 8.5, 46 bitter melon core collections were divided into 17 groups, which further clarified the relationships among different germplasm The kinship. [Conclusion] The results of this study laid a solid foundation for effective utilization of bitter melon core collection and selection of new varieties.