目的观察一次性根管治疗牙髓炎的近期和远期疗效。方法选择2008年1月—2010年6月收治的牙髓炎患者104例,随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组采用一次性根管充填治疗,对照组采用多次根管充填治疗。结果近期总有效率观察组98.08%,对照组94.23%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。远期总有效率观察组92.31%,对照组96.15%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论一次性根管治疗疗效可靠,疗程短,对治疗牙髓炎有重要的临床价值。 Objective To observe the short-term and long-term effects of one-time root canal treatment of pulpitis. Methods 104 patients with pulpitis admitted from January 2008 to June 2010 were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The observation group received one-time root canal filling and the control group received multiple root canal filling. Results The total effective rate was 98.08% in the observation group and 94.23% in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Long-term total effective observation group 92.31%, 96.15% in the control group, no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion The one-time root canal therapy has a reliable curative effect and short course of treatment, which has important clinical value for the treatment of pulpitis.