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用游标卡尺测得物体长度的数据,是根据刻度指示直接读出的,它和数字式仪表一样,一般不能估读。那么,游标卡尺的测量结果是否有误差?各种精度的游标卡尺的最大测量误差(即误差界)是多少?不同精度的游标卡尺其测量结果的有效数字应该保留到哪一位?这些问题都需要作出明确的回答。 一、一般测量仪器的精度、测量误差和有效数字 仪器的精度(精确度、精密度)就是仪器的精确程度,它反映该仪器所能准确测量的最小量值。仪器的精度常用它的最小刻度值来表示,如毫米刻度尺的精度就是1mm,用它侧长度能准确到1毫米,毫米以下只
The data of the length of the object measured by the vernier caliper is directly read out according to the scale indication. Like the digital instrument, it cannot be generally read. Then, is there any error in the vernier caliper measurement? What is the maximum measurement error (ie error margin) of the vernier caliper of various precisions? Where should the valid figure of the vernier caliper of different precision be retained? These questions need to be made clear. The answer. First, the general measurement instrument accuracy, measurement error and effective number The instrument accuracy (accuracy, precision) is the accuracy of the instrument, it reflects the instrument can accurately measure the minimum value. The accuracy of the instrument is usually expressed in terms of its minimum scale value. For example, the accuracy of a millimeter scale is 1 mm, and the length of its side can be accurate to 1 mm.