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药物降压作用的方式总的可分为四种类型(图1):(1)通过血管运动中枢——减少血管运动中枢传出神经冲动的降压药有藜芦生物碱,巴比妥类,安定药和可乐宁(Clonidine);(2)阻滞神经节——这类降压药可阻滞交感或副交感神经节内神经冲动的传递,因此也可产生口干,尿潴留,视力模糊等副作用,这些缺点使这类药物的临床使用受到很大的限制。本类药物包括美加明(Mecamylamine),潘必定(Pempidine),戊双吡铵(Pentolinium)和六甲季铵(Hexamethonium);(3)降低或阻滞去甲肾上腺素的作用——在交感神经系统中的肾上腺素能神经冲动传导的最终环节为释放介质去甲肾上腺素,本类降压药可降低或阻滞去甲肾上腺素的正常兴奋作用,
Antihypertensive drugs can be divided into four types (Figure 1): (1) through the vasomotor center - to reduce vasomotor vasomotor antihypertensive drugs have veratridine alkaloids, barbiturates , Diazepam and Clonidine; (2) block ganglia - these antihypertensive drugs can block the sympathetic or parasympathetic nerve impulse transmission, it can also produce dry mouth, urinary retention, blurred vision And other side effects, these shortcomings make the clinical use of such drugs are greatly restricted. These drugs include Mecamylamine, Pempidine, Pentolinium and Hexamethonium; (3) the effect of reducing or blocking norepinephrine - in the sympathetic nervous system In the adrenergic nerve impulse conduction the ultimate part of the release of the media norepinephrine, the class of antihypertensive drugs can reduce or block the normal excitement of norepinephrine,