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造山带与沉积盆地是大陆上最基本的两个构造单元 ,具有盆山转换和盆山耦合的地质特征。造山作用主要体现为逆冲作用和走滑作用 ,造山带逆冲推覆作用所产生的构造负荷是前陆盆地生长的构造动力 ,控制前陆盆地的沉降 ,形成可容空间 ,并提供物源 ,导致盆地的沉降和物源在垂直造山带方向的迁移 ;造山带走滑作用不仅控制造山带内走滑挤压盆地的形成 ,而且控制前陆盆地的沉降和物源在平行造山带方向的迁移 ,以及盆地的抬升与侵蚀。沉积盆地地层记录是研究和再造造山带造山作用的窗口 ,本文总结了利用沉积响应再造造山带造山作用的不同尺度的地层标识 ,它们是 :盆地充填地层格架、不整合面、构造层序、粗碎屑楔状体、相及沉降中心的迁移、沉积物特征碎屑组分的变化、沉积物通量和沉积速率的增减、河流梯度、前缘隆起 ,以及放射性测量与裂变径迹年代测定。
Orogenic Belts and Sedimentary Basins are the two most basic tectonic units on the continent with geological features of basin-range conversion and basin-hill coupling. The orogeny is mainly embodied by thrusting and strike-slip. The tectonic load generated by thrusting or nappeing of the orogenic belt is the tectonic motivation for the growth of the foreland basin, controlling the settlement of the foreland basin, forming a tolerable space and providing source , Leading to the subsidence of the basin and the migration of provenance in the direction of the vertical orogenic belt. The orogenic slip can not only control the formation of the strike-slip extrusion basin in the orogenic belt but also control the sedimentation of the foreland basin and the source of the source rock in the direction of the parallel orogenic belt Migration, and basin uplift and erosion. Sedimentary basin stratigraphic record is a window to study and reengineer the orogenic belt. This paper summarizes the different scale stratigraphic markers by using sedimentary response to reconstruct the orogenic belts of the mountainous belt. They are: filling stratigraphic framework, unconformity surface, structural sequence, Migration of wollastonite, facies and sedimentation centers, changes in sediment-derived detrital components, increase and decrease of sediment flux and deposition rate, river gradient, frontal uplift, and dating of radioactive measurements and fission tracks .