根据掺铒光纤激光器的速率方程 ,对环形腔光纤激光器的输出特性进行了理论分析 ,得到了光纤激光器在稳态条件下阈值抽运功率、激光输出功率和斜率效率的解析表达式。利用数值模拟结果对光纤激光器的这些基本特性参量进行了分析和讨论 ,为光纤环形激光器的优化设计提供了依据。并进行了 980nm抽运的掺铒光纤激光器的实验 ,实验证明理论分析得到的基本特性是合理的 According to the rate equation of erbium - doped fiber laser, the output characteristic of the ring - cavity fiber laser is theoretically analyzed. The analytic expression of the threshold pumping power, laser output power and slope efficiency of the fiber laser under steady - state conditions is obtained. Based on the numerical simulation results, these basic characteristic parameters of fiber laser are analyzed and discussed, which provides the basis for the optimal design of fiber ring laser. And carried out the 980nm pumping erbium-doped fiber laser experiment, the experimental results show that the basic characteristics of the theoretical analysis is reasonable