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目的研究巨细胞病毒（ＨＣＭＶ）肝炎患儿细胞免疫功能是否受损；经治疗后临床症状恢复期中免疫功能的恢复情况；干扰素对巨细胞病毒肝炎的疗效。方法用ＤＮＡ探针斑点原位杂交，酶兔方法检查ＨＣＭＶ抗原，尿中分离ＨＣＭＶ３种方法诊断ＨＣＭＶ肝炎。用ＩＬ－２活性测定、Ｔ细胞亚群测定检测患儿细胞免疫功能，将患儿分为干扰素加维生素Ｃ、肌苷治疗组（γＩＦＮ）和仅用维生素Ｃ、肌苷治疗组（非γＩＦＮ），连续观察３个月临床症状恢复情况。结果ＨＣＭＶ肝炎患儿有明显的细胞免疫功能损伤，且临床症状缓解后部份免疫功能尚不能完全恢复。干扰素治疗组的临床症状恢复和第１月与第２月的痊愈率明显优于无干扰素治疗组。黄疸消退平均提前１４．９天（Ｐ＜０．０５）；肝肿大恢复正常提前２８．４天（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＳＧＰＴ恢复正常平均提前１４．９天（Ｐ＜０．０１）。两组的第１月与第２月痊愈率分别为４８．６％与２０．６％、８８．６％与４７．１％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论ＨＣＭＶ患儿细胞免疫功能均受损，且不能随症状好转而立即全部好转。干扰素能使ＨＣＭＶ患儿的临床症状加快消退。
Objective To investigate whether cellular immune function is impaired in children with cytomegalovirus (HCMV) hepatitis, the recovery of immune function during the recovery of clinical symptoms and the curative effect of interferon on cytomegalovirus hepatitis. Methods HCMV hepatitis B virus (HCMV) was detected by DNA probe spot hybridization, enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and HCMV antigen isolation in urine. IL-2 activity was measured, T cell subsets determination of cellular immune function was detected in children with interferon plus vitamin C, inosine treatment group (γIFN) and only vitamin C, inosine treatment group (non-γIFN ), Continuous observation of 3 months clinical symptoms recovery. Results Children with HCMV hepatitis had obvious cellular immune function impairment, and some immune functions were still not completely recovered after the clinical symptoms were relieved. Interferon treatment group clinical symptoms recovery and the first month and February cure rate was significantly better than IFN-free treatment group. Jaundice dissipated 14.9 days earlier (P <0.05), hepatomegaly returned to normal 28.4 days earlier (P <0.01), SGPT returned to normal 14.9 days earlier (P <0.01) . The cure rates in January and February in both groups were 48.6% and 20.6%, 88.6% and 47.1%, respectively (P <0.05). Conclusion The cellular immune function of children with HCMV is impaired, and can not improve immediately with the improvement of symptoms. Interferon can accelerate the clinical symptoms of HCMV children subsided.