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空间观念是在空间知觉的基础上形成的,是物体的形状、大小及其相互位置关系在人脑中的表象。空间与人类的生活紧密相关,了解、探索和把握空间,能使学生更好地生存、活动和成长。因此,《数学课程标准》把空间观念作为义务教育阶段培养学生初步的创新精神和实践能力的一个重要学习内容。但在教学实践中,空间观念的培养成了教师头疼的问题,原因就在于学生的认知规律与这一学习内容本身的特点是相矛盾的,因为小学生的思维以形象思维为主,
The concept of space is formed on the basis of spatial perception and is the representation of the shape, size and mutual position of objects in the human brain. Space and human life are closely related to understanding, exploring and grasping space, enabling students to better survive, activity and growth. Therefore, “Mathematical Curriculum Standard” takes space concept as an important learning content in cultivating students’ initial innovative spirit and practical ability during compulsory education. However, in the teaching practice, the cultivation of the concept of space has become a headache for teachers. The reason is that students’ cognitive rules are contradictory to the characteristics of the learning content itself. Because the thinking of primary school students is mainly based on image thinking,