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在秦国发展的过程中,商鞅变法是一个特殊的转折点,使其一举摆脱贫穷落后的面貌,走上强国之路。而商鞅对秦国的改造,主要集中于耕战之上,所以,秦国军制的变革是商鞅变法最重要的体现,这种变革主要集中在兵役制度和武器装备上。兵役制度的变革与田制、户籍等方面关系密切,武器装备的优劣与手工业发展情况和行政效率关系密切。因此从两方面入手,可以管窥秦国整体的变革。
In the course of the development of Qin, Shang Yang’s reform was a special turning point that enabled it to surpass the impoverished backwardness and take the road to power. Shang Yang’s reform of Qin was mainly focused on tillage. Therefore, the reform of the Qin military system was the most important manifestation of Shang Yang’s reform. This change mainly focused on the military service system and weapons and equipment. The reform of the military service system is closely related to fields and household registration, and the pros and cons of weapons and equipment are closely related to the development of handicraftsmen and administrative efficiency. Therefore, starting from two aspects, we can glimpse the overall changes in Qin.