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黑龙江省牡丹江地区玉米种植面积约占粮豆总面积的25—30％(个别社队达40—50％),对粮食生产有举足轻重的地位。近年来由于玉米面积的逐渐扩大,推行间混种和易于感病品种(多为杂交种)的应用,玉米大斑病有日趋严重的趋势,一般减产1—2成,严重者减产5成以上甚至颗粒不收。 在化学防治方面,《全国玉米大斑病研究协作组》通过多年来大量的杀菌剂新品种鉴定工作,肯定了“北方地区在发病盛期前10天(发病株率100％,病叶率30％)全面喷洒50％敌菌灵可湿性粉剂1000ppm药液一次,一般可达60％的防治效果;如果连续喷2—3次即可基本控制病情”。这一结果为国内目前化学防治的最佳效果。国外如美、加、苏等国的药剂防治,除仍用退菌特、代森锰等药剂外,也无多大突破。 目前存在的问题是:玉米植株高大(施药阶段株高已达2米)、面积广、施药器械功效低等因素,施药亦难全面实施。为寻求省工高效的施药方式,鉴于国内曾用硫磺烟剂防治小麦锈病和应用杀菌烟剂防治水稻瘟病研究工作的启发下,从1978年开始进行了应用杀菌烟剂防治玉米大斑病的研究工作。
Mudanjiang in Heilongjiang Province corn planting area accounts for about 25-30% of the total area of grain and beans (individual communes and teams up 40-50%), the grain production plays an decisive role. In recent years, due to the gradual expansion of maize area, the implementation of inter-mixed and susceptible varieties (mostly hybrids) application, maize leaf spot disease is increasingly serious trend, the general reduction of 1-2%, in severe cases, more than 50% reduction Even the particles do not accept. In terms of chemical control, the “National Maize Spot Cooperative Research Group” identified a large number of new fungicides identification work over the years and affirmed that "in the northern region 10 days before the peak period (the rate of diseased plants is 100%, the rate of diseased leaves is 30 %) Spray 50% Propiconazole wettable powder 1000ppm solution once, generally up to 60% of the control effect; if the continuous spray 2-3 times to basically control the disease. This result is the best effect of chemical control in China at present. Foreign countries such as the United States, Canada, the Soviet Union and other countries of drug control, in addition to the use of antimicrobial special, dexmedetomidine and other agents, but also no major breakthrough. The existing problems are: high maize plants (plant height has reached 2 meters during the application stage), a wide area, low efficacy of drug delivery equipment and other factors, it is difficult to implement the full application. In order to seek efficient ways of applying pesticides in the province, given the domestic use of sulfur smoke and smoke prevention and control of wheat rust and the application of bactericidal smoke prevention and control of rice blast under the inspiration, from 1978 on the application of bactericidal agent to control corn leaf spot research work.