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目的了解病毒性肝炎肝组织中Ｐ１６的表达及其意义。方法对４８例病毒性肝炎、７例原发性肝癌病人肝组织进行了Ｐ１６免疫组化研究。结果Ｐ１６蛋白在慢性肝炎轻、中度的阳性率分别为８５．００％和９１．６６％，而在慢性肝炎重度的阳性率仅为５０．００％，肝硬变慢性重型肝炎、原发性肝癌中没有表达，慢性肝炎轻、中度的阳性率均明显高于肝硬变慢性重型肝炎、原发性肝癌的阳性率（Ｐ＜０．０１，０．００１），进一步证明肝硬变是原发性肝癌的癌前病变。与病原学关系表明，Ｐ１６在乙型肝炎中表达的阳性率为７７．１４％，明显高于在丙型肝炎中的表达（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论丙型肝炎更易导致原发性肝癌的发生。
Objective To understand the expression of P16 in liver tissue of viral hepatitis and its significance. Methods 48 cases of viral hepatitis, 7 cases of primary liver cancer patients with P16 immunohistochemistry. Results The positive rates of mild and moderate P16 protein in chronic hepatitis were 85.00% and 91.66%, respectively, while the positive rate of P16 protein in chronic hepatitis was only 50.00%. The incidence of chronic severe hepatitis with cirrhosis, Liver cancer, no expression of chronic hepatitis, mild positive rates were significantly higher than cirrhosis of chronic cirrhosis, severe hepatitis, the positive rate of primary liver cancer (P <0.01,0.001), further evidence of cirrhosis is Precancerous lesions of primary liver cancer. The etiological relationship with P16 showed that the positive rate of P16 expression in hepatitis B was 77.14%, which was significantly higher than that in hepatitis C (P <0.001). Conclusion Hepatitis C is more likely to cause primary liver cancer.