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为比较生物胶(海藻酸钠、瓜尔胶、淀粉胶、植物蛋白胶)与麦秸秆制备麦秸秆/生物胶复合材料的力学性能和吸湿性能,分析了4种生物胶和麦秸秆的红外光谱,测试了麦秸秆/生物胶复合材料的力学性能和吸湿性能,观察了它们的微观结构。结果表明:4种生物胶均有—OH和—CH伸缩振动吸收峰,植物蛋白胶有—NH2伸缩振动吸收峰和—O—吸收峰。植物蛋白胶制备的复合材料力学性能较好,吸湿率较小,其拉伸强度比海藻酸钠、瓜尔胶、淀粉胶制备的复合材料分别高436%、93%、416%,弯曲强度分别高922%、49%、963%,弹性模量分别高714%、678%、254%,平衡吸湿率分别小42%、17%、16%。麦秸秆/植物蛋白胶和麦秸秆/瓜尔胶复合材料中麦秸秆被基体包裹较好,植物蛋白胶-麦秸秆和瓜尔胶-麦秸秆两相界面模糊,两者结合较好;而麦秸秆/海藻酸钠和麦秸秆/淀粉胶复合材料两相界面空穴和缺陷较多,麦秸秆与基体之间存在明显界面,与麦秸秆结合较差。麦秸秆/植物蛋白胶复合材料在力学性能方面与塑料基复合材料相当,而吸湿性能有待提高。
In order to compare the mechanical properties and hygroscopicity of biomaterials (sodium alginate, guar gum, starch glue, plant protein glue) and wheat straw prepared from wheat straw / bio-gum composites, the infrared spectra of four kinds of biogels and wheat straw , The mechanical properties and moisture absorption properties of wheat straw / bio-gum composites were tested and their microstructures were observed. The results showed that all four kinds of biogels had -OH and -CH stretching vibration absorption peaks, and vegetable gums had -NH2 stretching vibration absorption peaks and -O- absorption peaks. The mechanical properties of the composite prepared by plant protein glue are better, the moisture absorption rate is smaller, and the tensile strength is 436%, 93%, 416% higher than the composite prepared by sodium alginate, guar gum and starch glue, respectively High 922%, 49%, 963%, respectively, modulus of elasticity of 714%, 678%, 254%, respectively, the equilibrium moisture absorption rate were 42%, 17%, 16%. Wheat straw / plant protein glue and wheat straw / guar gum composites were better wrapped by matrix, and the interface between plant protein gum-wheat straw and guar gum-wheat straw was fuzzy, and the combination of the two was better; There were more holes and defects in the two phases of straw / sodium alginate and wheat straw / starch gel composites, and there was a clear interface between wheat straw and matrix, which was poorly combined with wheat straw. Wheat straw / plant protein gum composites are comparable in mechanical properties to plastic matrix composites, while their hygroscopicity needs to be improved.