一注意防寒保暖。冬季气温较低,为了抵御寒冷,机体调节功能也在发生着显著变化,比如皮下脂肪增多、毛细血管收缩、汗液分泌减少,组织代谢加强等,而老年人由于主要脏器逐步老化且功能减退,皮肤松驰、皮下脂肪减少,机体代谢功能低下,适应性和抵抗力较差,抗寒及抗病能力都明显地低于青年人。因此,当寒潮或强冷空气袭来之时,老年人中高血压、中风的发病率明显增高,心血管疾病患者也容易出现,产生心绞痛、心梗、心力衰竭等。严寒还是伤风感冒、支气管炎、冠心病、肺气肿、哮喘的重要诱因。此外,当机体受到寒冷刺激之后,还容易发生手足裂、冻疮或皮肤痒等。所以,老年人必须 A note cold warm. Winter temperatures are low, in order to withstand the cold, the body’s regulatory function is also undergoing significant changes, such as increased subcutaneous fat, capillary contraction, reduced sweat secretion, increased tissue metabolism, etc., while the elderly as the main organs gradually aging and dysfunction, Loose skin, reduced subcutaneous fat, low body metabolism, poor adaptability and resistance, cold resistance and disease resistance were significantly lower than young people. Therefore, when the cold or strong cold air hit, the incidence of hypertension and stroke in the elderly is significantly increased. Patients with cardiovascular diseases are also prone to angina, myocardial infarction and heart failure. Cold or cold, bronchitis, coronary heart disease, emphysema, asthma, an important incentive. In addition, when the body is stimulated by the cold, but also prone to chapped hands, chilblains or itchy skin. Therefore, the elderly must