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目的：了解慢性疼痛患者阿片类药物异常用药行为情况及其相关因素。方法采用一般资料调查问卷、阿片药物滥用状况量表、简明疼痛程度量表、疼痛灾难化量表及综合性医院焦虑抑郁量表，对山东大学附属省立医院与山东大学齐鲁医院的218例慢性疼痛患者进行调查。结果所有研究对象阿片类药物异常用药行为的平均得分为（11．24±7．80）分。多元逐步回归分析表明，年龄、用药持续时间、吸烟、反复思考、抑郁是患者异常用药行为的影响因素。结论医务工作者应充分了解患者阿片类药物异常用药行为的相关因素，采取个性化的评估方法和干预措施，从而有效治疗疼痛，提高患者生活质量。“,”Objective To investigate the status and related factors of aberrant drug-related behaviors in patients with chronic pain.Methods A total of 218 patients with chronic pain from Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shan-dong University and Qilu Hospital of Shandong University were investigated using general information questionnaire,the Current Opioid Misuse Measure (COMM),Brief Pain Inventory (BPI),Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS)and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).Results The average score of aberrant drug-related behaviors was (11.24 ±7.80).Stepwise regression analysis showed that age,months of opioid treatment,smoking,rumination,and depression were the independent influencing factors of aberrant drug-related behaviors.Conclusion Medical stuff should have a better understanding of the related factors of aberrant drug-related behaviors in patients with chronic pain and provide individualized assessment and intervention measures in order to achieve excellent therapeutic effect as well as to improve the quality of life.