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精神劳动(或称精神生产劳动)是人们运用创造性思维生产精神产品的活动,它和物质生产劳动、人自身的生产劳动一起构成了人类一般社会劳动。当我们着重于从主体性行为角度,即从劳动的角度,而不是从生产的角度研究精神劳动时,我们会发现,它具备许多显著的特点。 一、探索性 首先,精神劳动的任务是揭示未知。它的目的是要发现前人没有认识或没有完全认识的事物及其规律性,要发现新事实,揭示新规律,建立新理论,开辟新的知识领域。这种活动没有既定的规范、模式,没有现成的答案,是在走前人没有走过的路,是在摸索中前进的。因此,精神劳动表现为明显的探索性。
Mental labor (or mental labor) is the activity of people who use creative thinking to produce spiritual products. Together with the material production labor and the man's own production labor, mental labor constitutes the general social labor of mankind. When we focus on the mental work from the perspective of subjectivity, that is, from the perspective of labor, rather than from the perspective of production, we will find that it has many salient features. First, exploratory First of all, the task of mental labor is to reveal the unknown. Its purpose is to find out things and their regularity that no predecessors knew or did not fully understand, discover new facts, reveal new laws, establish new theories and open up new fields of knowledge. This kind of activity has no established norms and modes and no ready-made answers. It is a journey that has not been taken by our predecessors and is progressing through exploration. Therefore, mental labor is obviously exploratory.