论文部分内容阅读
1964年,列昂尼德·勃列日涅夫从尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫接手经管苏联经济的时候,国民收入正以9%的年增长率增长着。十八年以后,他留给尤里·安德罗波夫的却是远不及以前活跃的经济——年增长率仅3%左右的经济。工业生产的增长也明显地同样减慢:赫鲁晓夫在台上的最后一年,增长率为7.3%,而到1982年,已降到只有2.9%。劳动生产率的状况也未见得好多少:在工业部门,劳动生产率的增长速度急剧下降;在农业部门,劳动生产率的增长甚至成为负数。投资状况也是如此:投资率的下降已成为不可抗拒,整个经济犹如遭受多米
In 1964, when Leonid Brezhnev took over the economic control of the Soviet Union from Nikita Khrushchov, national income was growing at an annual rate of 9%. Eighteen years later, what he has left for Yury Andropov is far less than the economy that was previously vibrant - an economy at an annual growth rate of only about 3%. The growth in industrial production also apparently slowed equally significantly: Khrushchev grew at a rate of 7.3% in the final year of the stage, down to just 2.9% by 1982. In the industrial sector, the rate of increase in labor productivity has dropped dramatically; in the agricultural sector, the growth in labor productivity has even become negative. The same is true of the state of investment: the decline in investment rates has become irresistible, and the economy as a whole has suffered more than a thousand meters