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世界各国在全球化背景下相互依赖和影响程度不断加深,共同面临的全球性问题也越来越复杂,这些全球性问题的解决需要各个国家进行国际合作来提供全球性的公共产品。但是就目前情况来看,全球公共产品的供给同样受到“搭便车”、“集体行动的困境”等影响,并且更为严重,其供给现状并不乐观。对当前全球公共产品供给不足的原因分析发现主要有融资困境和管理监督困境,解决这些困境的主要激励问题在于融资激励和管理监督激励两个方面。为了克服全球公共产品的困境,不仅需要设计出分类和有针对性的激励机制来鼓励各国的自愿供给,同时为了保证激励机制的顺利实施,还需要强有力的国际执行机构进行管理监督。
All countries in the world are increasingly interdependent and influential in the context of globalization and the global problems they face are getting more complicated. The solution to these global problems requires that all countries cooperate in international cooperation to provide global public goods. However, at present, the supply of global public goods is also affected by “free riding” and “dilemma of collective operations”, and more so. The supply status of the global public goods is not optimistic. Analysis of the causes of the current global public goods supply shortage found that there are mainly financing difficulties and management oversight difficulties. The main incentive to solve these dilemmas lies in two aspects: financing incentives and management and supervision incentives. In order to overcome the plight of global public goods, we not only need to design classified and targeted incentive mechanisms to encourage voluntary supply of all countries, but also need strong international agencies to supervise and supervise the implementation of the incentive mechanism.