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在对外贸易中,出口总额大于进口总额称为顺差;进口总额大于出口总额称为逆差。贸易差额是衡量一个国家对外贸易收支的重要指标,在一般情况下,贸易顺差反映一个国家在对外贸易收支上处于有利地位,表明它在世界市场的商品竞争中处于优势;贸易逆差则反映一个国家在对外贸易收支上处于不利地位,表明它在世界市场的商品竞争中处于劣势。
In foreign trade, the total amount of exports greater than the total amount of imports is called the surplus; the total amount of imports greater than the total amount of exports is called the deficit. The trade balance is an important measure of a country’s foreign trade balance. Under normal circumstances, the trade surplus reflects a country’s favorable position in foreign trade balance, indicating that it is in an advantage in commodity competition in the world market; the trade deficit is reflected in A country’s disadvantage in terms of its foreign trade balance indicates that it is at a disadvantage in the world market’s commodity competition.