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在构像理论中,用来证明决策分为筛选和选择两个独立阶段的证据存在于:筛选阶段的信息在选择阶段不再被使用。本研究以构像理论为基础,设计实验室模拟实验,以实验情境中越来越苛刻的限制条件,迫使决策者在选择决策阶段不利用筛选信息,以此来检验决策者在选择决策阶段是否利用筛选信息,以及利用的程度和条件。实验情境的设计遵循这样一个原则:从信息最容易获得,记忆负荷最小的决策情境,过渡到信息最难以获得,记忆负荷最大的决策情境。研究得到以下结论:(1)筛选信息在大部分决策者进行选择性决策的时候得到了利用,用以选择最终的备择项;(2)随着选择决策过程中对于筛选信息的记忆负荷,以及认知负荷的增加,筛选信息在选择阶段被利用的可能性有所减少。
In the conformational theory, the evidence used to prove that the decision-making is divided into two independent stages of screening and selection lies in the fact that the information of the screening stage is no longer used in the selection phase. Based on the conformational theory, this study designs laboratory simulation experiments to force decision makers not to make use of screening information in decision-making phase in order to test whether decision-makers are using the decision-making phase Screening information, and the extent and conditions of utilization. The design of the experimental situation follows the principle of transitioning from a decision-making situation where the information is most easily obtained and the memory load is minimal, to a decision-making situation where information is most difficult to obtain and memory load is the greatest. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The screening information is used by most decision-makers in making selective decision to choose the final alternative; (2) With the memory load of screening information in the decision-making process, And the increase of cognitive load, the possibility of using the screening information in the selection phase is reduced.