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为加强对秋冬季主要作物科学施肥指导,提高肥料利用效率,促进作物增产、农民增收和农业可持续发展,根据秋冬季主要农作物需肥特点,以测土配方施肥项目成果为主要依据,研究制定了2014年秋冬季主要作物科学施肥指导意见。各地要围绕“促增产、提效率、保安全”三大目标,本着“增产施肥、经济施肥、环保施肥”相统一的理念,因地制宜确定本区域主要作物经济合理施肥量,优化肥料养分配比,选择适宜施肥时期,改进施肥方式方法,保障作物稳产高产,提高肥料利用效率。同时,要坚持科学施肥与培肥地力相结合,鼓励增施有机肥料,推广秸秆还田,种植和利用绿肥,改良土壤和培肥地力,提高土壤综合产出能力。一、冬小麦科学施肥指导意见(一)华北平原灌溉冬小麦区(包括山东省和
In order to strengthen the guidance of scientific fertilization for major crops in autumn and winter, increase fertilizer use efficiency, increase crop yield, farmers’ income and sustainable development of agriculture, according to the characteristics of fertilizer demand of main crops in autumn and winter, take the results of soil testing and fertilizer project as the main basis, Guidance for scientific crop fertilization in autumn and winter 2014. All localities should focus on the three major objectives of “promoting production, improving efficiency and ensuring security” and based on the principle of “increasing fertilization, economic fertilization, environmental protection and fertilization” and determining the economic and rational fertilization amount of main crops in the region according to local conditions and optimizing Fertilizer nutrient ratio, select the appropriate fertilization period, improve fertilization methods and methods to ensure stable and high yield crops, improve fertilizer use efficiency. At the same time, we must adhere to the combination of scientific fertilization and fertility enhancement, encourage the application of organic fertilizers, promote the return of straw to green land, plant and utilize green manures, improve soil fertility and soil fertility, and improve the comprehensive output capacity of soils. First, the scientific guidance of winter wheat fertilization (A) North China Plain irrigation winter wheat area (including Shandong Province and