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目的调查上海市浦东新区食源性气单胞菌的属种分布和表型特征。方法 2011年5~11月,对采集自上海市浦东新区2个农贸市场的3种生鲜食品(共291份)进行气单胞菌属的选择性分离和属种水平鉴定;分析菌株表型特征的差异性。结果 291份生鲜食品样品中,74份阳性,总检出率25.4%。其中肉制品阳性检出率最高,为34.1%(43/126);水产品和蔬菜阳性检出率分别为18.9%(17/90)和18.7%(14/75)。经系统生化鉴定的74株气单胞菌属菌株包括:嗜水气单胞菌23株,维隆气单胞菌温和生物变种35株,豚鼠气单胞菌16株。溶血试验和蛋白酶表达测试显示分别有51株菌β溶血素阳性,59株菌蛋白酶试验阳性,两者皆阳性的菌株有48株。抗生素敏感性试验表明,多数菌株对头孢噻肟、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、庆大霉素、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星呈现高度敏感,但对氨苄西林呈现高度耐药;对含青霉素酶药物(奥格门丁)的耐药能力存在种水平的差异;3种气单胞菌均存在低水平的多重耐药(MDR)。结论上海市浦东新区农贸市场流行季节供应的主要生鲜食品气单胞菌属污染程度较高,除嗜水气单胞菌外的其他气单胞菌株也具有毒力因子,虽然目前耐药水平较低,但仍需加强基于食物链的食源性疾病的综合监测。
Objective To investigate the genus distribution and phenotypic characteristics of Aeromonas sobria in Pudong New Area, Shanghai. Methods From May to November 2011, three kinds of fresh food (291 samples) collected from two farmers’ markets in Shanghai Pudong New Area were used for the selective isolation and identification of the genus Aeromonas. The phenotypic characteristics of the strains Differences in characteristics. Results Of the 291 fresh food samples, 74 were positive and the total detection rate was 25.4%. Among them, the positive rate of meat products was the highest (34.1% (43/126)). The positive rates of aquatic products and vegetables were 18.9% (17/90) and 18.7% (14/75) respectively. The 74 strains of Aeromonas identified by systematic biochemistry included 23 strains of Aeromonas hydrophila, 35 mild strains of Aeromonas hydrophila and 16 strains of Aeromonas caviae. Hemolysis test and protease expression test showed that there were 51 strains of β-hemolysin positive, 59 strains of protease positive test, both positive strains 48 strains. Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that most of the strains were highly sensitive to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefepime, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, but showed high resistance to ampicillin; There was a kind of level difference in the drug resistance of Gemeidin. Low level of multidrug resistance (MDR) existed in all three Aeromonas species. Conclusion The prevalence of Aeromonas spp. Supplied by the fresh foodstuffs supplied by the farmers market in Pudong New District in Shanghai is relatively high. Virulent strains of Aeromonas besides Aeromonas hydrophila also have virulence factors. Although the current level of resistance Lower, but there is still a need to strengthen the comprehensive monitoring of foodborne diseases based on the food chain.