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目的 对肾综合征出血热I型鼠脑疫苗在人群中的预防免疫效果进行卫生经济学评价。方法 利用在疫区现场进行流行病学考核的资料 ,评价疫苗免疫预防对于健康和人群生存质量的影响。分别比较接种疫苗组和非接种组的成本、通过免疫而取得的结果以及成本 -效果比值。所有疾病结局均来自于疫苗效果考核的观察。疫苗覆盖率、成本等资料来自现场收集的资料。结果 按目前免疫程序 ,HFRS灭活疫苗在人群中的有效率约 90 %。在所有年龄组人群中每减少 1名出血热病例的费用为 9773.2 8元。成本 -效果比值因不同年龄组而异 ,其中 30～ 39年龄组每增加 1个健康生命年需花费 12 0 88.6 9元 ,5 0～ 5 9岁年龄组每增加 1个健康生命年需花费 6 2 2 93 .12元。疫苗成本、保护期和保护率对成本 -效果比值最为敏感。结论 疫苗在所有年龄组易感者中均未能获得正效益 ,但在 30～ 39岁的高危人群中能取得最佳的成本 -效果比。
Objective To evaluate the preventive effects of hemorrhagic fever with I-type rat brain vaccine on human immunodeficiency virus (HE). Methods The epidemiological assessment data were used to evaluate the impact of vaccine immunization on the health and the quality of life of the population. The cost of vaccination and non-vaccination groups, the results achieved by immunization, and the cost-effectiveness ratio were compared separately. All disease outcomes come from the observation of vaccine effectiveness assessment. Vaccine coverage, costs and other information collected from the field data. Results Based on the current immunization schedule, the effective rate of HFRS inactivated vaccine in the population was about 90%. The cost per case of hemorrhagic fever decreased by 9773.28 yuan for all age groups. The cost-effectiveness ratio varies with different age groups, of which 12,088.69 yuan is required for each health promotion year in the 30-39 age group, and for each healthy life year in the 50-59 age group is 6 2 2 93 .12 yuan. Vaccine costs, protection and protection rates are most sensitive to the cost-effectiveness ratio. Conclusions Vaccines failed to achieve positive results in all age-susceptible individuals, but the best cost-effectiveness ratio was achieved among those at 30-39 years of age.