一、营销大变革:从平面营销到立体营销进入90年代,由于市场环境发生了巨大的变化,消费个性化、人文化、多元化特征日益突出,传统的4P论已很难适应全新的市场环境,因而发生了一场史无前例的营销大变革。从平面营销走向立体营销,从一般营销转向创新营销,从初级营销发展到高级营销 First, the marketing revolution: from the plane to the three-dimensional marketing marketing into the 90’s, due to the huge changes in the market environment, consumer personality, culture, diversified features become increasingly prominent, the traditional 4P theory has been difficult to adapt to the new market environment , Resulting in an unprecedented big marketing reform. From flat marketing to three-dimensional marketing, from general marketing to innovative marketing, from primary marketing to advanced marketing