早产儿肠外营养的目标是为不能正常喂养的新生儿提供接近宫内同期的营养,为达到适宜的宫外生长发育提供物质基础。本文复习了新生儿的能量和液体需要,以及肠外营养中多种成份的益处与潜在并发症,并提出推荐的肠外营养指南。一、能量和液体需要 The goal of parenteral nutrition in preterm infants is to provide nutrition for the newborns who can not normally be fed close to the same period of intrauterine growth and provide the material basis for achieving suitable extrauterine growth and development. This article reviews neonatal energy and fluid needs, as well as the benefits and potential complications of multiple ingredients in parenteral nutrition and provides recommended guidelines for parenteral nutrition. First, energy and liquid needs