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利用青藏高原多年冻土区10个活动层观测场建立以来到2010年的监测资料,构建了青藏公路沿线多年冻土区活动层平均厚度的估算模型,分析了多年冻土区活动层近期的动态变化及区域差异特征.结果表明,研究区活动层厚度30年来以1.33cm/a的速率增大,多年冻土上限温度、50cm土壤温度及5cm土壤积温均呈现出升高的趋势.土壤热通量以0.1Wm-2/a的速率增大,为高原多年冻土区活动层厚度增大和温度升高提供了依据.活动层开始融化日期提前,开始冻结日期推后,融化日数增加,速率达1.18d/a.活动层动态变化特征与多年冻土类型、海拔高度、下垫面类型和土壤组分密切相关.低温多年冻土区较高温多年冻土区变化明显、高海拔地区较低海拔地区变化明显、高寒草甸地区较高寒草原地区变化明显,细粒土较粗颗粒土变化明显.
Using the monitoring data from 10 observation stations in the permafrost region of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau since its establishment in 2010, an estimation model of the average thickness of the active layer in the permafrost region along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway has been established. The recent dynamic state of the active layer in the permafrost region has been analyzed The results showed that the thickness of the active layer in the study area increased at a rate of 1.33 cm / a over the past 30 years, and the maximum temperature of the permafrost, the soil temperature at 50 cm and the soil accumulated temperature at 5 cm all showed an increasing trend. The results showed that the increase of the active layer thickness and the temperature increase in the plateau permafrost area provided an early date of thawing and an increase of the thawing days 1.18d / a. The dynamic change of the active layer is closely related to the types of permafrost, altitude, underlying surface type and soil composition.High temperature permafrost changes in low temperature permafrost areas are obvious, lower altitude in high altitude Significant changes in the region, alpine meadow area of the alpine grassland changes significantly, fine-grained soil coarse grained soil changes significantly.