一、释名“铺作”(图1)是由斗、拱、昂等构件组合成的结构单元,它包括两层涵义,习称斗栱为铺作。根据斗栱的位置不同,安装于柱头的称柱头铺作,位于角柱上的称转角铺作,置于额枋上的称补间铺作。第二层涵义指,自栌斗起,每铺一层构件,算一个铺作。《营造法式·总释上》载:“今以斗栱层数相叠出跳多寡次序,谓之铺作。”[1]栌斗算第一层铺作,耍头及衬枋头为最末 First, the release name “shop for ” (Figure 1) is composed of bucket, arch, Ang and other components into a structural unit, which includes two layers of meaning, Xi said bucket for the shop. According to the different positions of the bucket, mounted on the stigma said the column head paved, located in the corner column called the corner paved, placed on the forehead called tween shop for. The meaning of the second layer refers to, since the struggle, each floor of a layer of components, considered a shop. “To create a French total release,” contains: “Nowadays, the number of jumps in the layers of warp layers is more or less ordered, which means that the paving work is done.” For the last