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有氧运动训练能使肌肉组织产生适应性变化，从而提高运动耐力。本研究通过不同运动训练方案无负重游泳３天，６０分／天；７天，６０分／天；１２天，６０分／天、训练及注射钙鳌合剂（ＥＧＴＡ）、氧化剂（ＧＳＳＧ），观察大鼠骨骼肌、心肌线粒体ＤＮＡ含量的变化规律。结果发现，运动训练３天后，骨骼肌线粒体ＤＮＡ即表现为增加（５７％），７天后降为４２％，１２天后即不再增加，而此时注射ＧＳＳＧ的训练大鼠线粒体ＤＮＡ仍增加了２６％；心肌线粒体ＤＮＡ只有在训练１２天并注射了ＧＳＳＧ才表现为增加（３０％），说明改变细胞内的氧化应激的平衡（有氧运动训练及注射ＧＳＳＧ）可以影响线粒体ＤＮＡ的生物合成。注射ＥＧＴＡ并训练的大鼠，骨骼肌线粒体则表现为没有显著变化，而在心肌线粒体７天和１２天后出现了ＤＮＡ合成的抑制（－３０％，－３２％），说明细胞内外的钙平衡也会影响线粒体ＤＮＡ的生物合成。
Aerobic exercise can make adaptive changes in muscle tissue, thereby enhancing exercise tolerance. In this study, EGTA and GSSG were trained and injected without weight-bearing swimming for 3 days, 60 minutes / day, 7 days, 60 minutes / day, 12 days, 60 minutes / Changes of mitochondrial DNA content in skeletal muscle and myocardium of rats. The results showed that the mitochondrial DNA of skeletal muscle showed an increase (57%) 3 days after exercise training, reduced to 42% after 7 days and no longer increased after 12 days, while the mitochondrial DNA of GSSG training rats increased by 26 %. Myocardial mitochondrial DNA showed an increase (30%) only after 12 days of training and GSSG injection, indicating that altering intracellular oxidative stress balance (aerobic exercise training and GSSG injection) can affect mitochondrial DNA biosynthesis. Skeletal muscle mitochondria showed no significant changes in EGTA-injected and trained rats, whereas DNA synthesis inhibition (-30%, -32%) occurred at 7 and 12 days after myocardial mitochondria, indicating that intracellular calcium balance Will affect mitochondrial DNA biosynthesis.