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梨是我国南、北各地主要水果之一。梨树花芽的形成及发育状况直接关系到它的开花、受精和座果的数量与质量,因此掌握花芽形成的规律及物候期,采取相应的科学管理措施,对提高梨树生产有重要意义。我们以莱阳茌梨为例,详细观察了花芽形成的全过程。花粉和雄配子体的形成茌梨花药中的造孢细胞是在第一年越冬前形成的(插1,1)。到第二年早春,花芽开始萌动,造孢细胞继续分裂。3月上、中旬,花芽增大、芽鳞基部刚露绿时,花粉母细胞形成(插1,2)。3月中、下旬,
Pear is one of the main fruits in the south and north of our country. The formation and development of flower buds are directly related to its quantity and quality of flowering, fertilizing and fruit-bearing. Therefore, to master the law of flower bud formation and the phenophase and take corresponding scientific management measures is of great significance to the improvement of pear tree production. We Laiyang 茌 pear, for example, a detailed observation of the whole process of flower bud formation. Pollen and Male Gametophyte Formation The sporulation cells in the pear anthers are formed before the first year of winter (insert 1, 1). By the second year in early spring, flower buds began to sprout and sporocysts continued to divide. In the middle of March, flower buds increased and pollen mother cells formed when the base of bud scales just exposed to green (Plugs 1, 2). In mid-March, late,