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目的:比较长沙、成都两地男性青少年犯罪者及不同犯罪类型间精神障碍患病率差异。方法:抽取长沙某未成年管教所100例暴力犯罪青少年、65例非暴力犯罪青少年,成都某未成年管教所90例暴力犯罪青少年,抽取长沙某中学40名、成都某中学50名高中学生为对照。以儿童少年精神障碍调查表及半定式诊断检查表,调查精神障碍的患病状况。结果:长沙暴力犯罪组品行障碍(CD)(86.6%)、物质滥用(17.6%)和物质依赖(9.9%)的患病率,长沙非暴力犯罪组CD(75.0%)和物质滥用(11.7%)的患病率均显著高于长沙对照组;成都暴力犯罪组注意缺陷障碍(17.3%)、对抗性障碍(18.5%)、CD(69.1%)和物质滥用(22.2%)的患病率均显著高于成都对照组。长沙暴力组与成都暴力组的注意缺陷患病率(5.0%vs.20.8%)与CD患病率(90.0%vs 73.6%)差异显著。结论:青少年犯罪者精神健康问题严重,迫切需要制定和实施针对青少年犯罪精神状况有效的评估和治疗方法。
Objective: To compare the prevalence of mental disorders between male and female delinquents in Changsha and Chengdu and between different criminal types. Methods: A total of 100 violent criminals, 65 nonviolent criminals and 90 juvenile delinquent criminals from a juvenile institution in Chengdu were enrolled. A total of 40 high school students in Changsha and 50 high school students in a certain middle school in Chengdu were selected as controls . To investigate the prevalence of mental disorders using the Children and Adolescents Mental Disorders Survey and the Semi-Diagnostic Checklist. Results: The prevalence rates of CD (86.6%), substance abuse (17.6%) and substance dependence (9.9%) in Changsha violent crime group, CD (75.0%) and substance abuse (11.7% ) Were significantly higher than those in Changsha control group. The prevalence of attention deficit disorder (17.3%), resistance disorder (18.5%), CD (69.1%) and substance abuse (22.2% Significantly higher than Chengdu control group. The prevalence of attention deficit (5.0% vs. 20.8%) in Changsha violence group and Chengdu violence group was significantly different from that of CD prevalence (90.0% vs 73.6%). Conclusions: The problem of mental health among juvenile delinquents is grave and there is an urgent need to develop and implement effective assessment and treatment options for the mental state of adolescent crime.