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目的研究子宫腺肌症的超声图像和患者的临床症状的关联性。方法选取2009年1月-2014年1月经病理证实为子宫腺肌症的患者300例,回顾性分析超声图像和临床症状,并采用χ2检验分析其关联性。结果子宫腺肌症的病灶为大体积者,患者月经量增多、经期延长、异常阴道出血等临床症状的发生率较高(χ2=11.749,P=0.001;χ2=4.847,P=0.028;χ2=5.686,P=0.017);子宫腺肌症的病症位于后壁的患者月经量增多、异常阴道出血的发生率较高(χ2=5.188,P=0.023;χ2=49.691,P<0.001);子宫腺肌症病灶体积的大小与患者的痛经、便秘、尿频症状均无明显关系(P>0.05);子宫腺肌症病灶的位置与经期延长、痛经、尿频、便秘症状均无明显关系(P>0.05)。结论子宫腺肌症患者病灶的体积大小与其发生月经量增多、经期延长、异常阴道出血等临床症状有关;子宫腺肌症病灶的位置与患者发生月经量增多、异常阴道出血症状有关。超声检查时应结合患者临床症状,对超声图像重点分析,避免漏诊、误诊的发生。
Objective To study the relationship between the ultrasound images of adenomyosis and the clinical symptoms of patients. Methods From January 2009 to January 2014, 300 patients with histologically confirmed adenomyosis were selected. The ultrasound images and clinical symptoms were retrospectively analyzed. The correlations were analyzed by χ2 test. Results The incidence of adenomyosis was large. The incidence of clinical symptoms such as increased menstrual flow, prolonged menstrual flow, and abnormal vaginal bleeding were higher (χ2 = 11.749, P = 0.001; χ2 = 4.847, P = 0.028; 5.686, P = 0.017). The incidence of adenomyosis was increased in the posterior wall of patients with a higher incidence of abnormal vaginal bleeding (χ2 = 5.188, P = 0.023; χ2 = 49.691, P <0.001) There was no significant correlation between the size of lesion and dysmenorrhea, constipation and frequent urination (P> 0.05). The location of adenomyosis did not correlate with the prolonged menstruation, dysmenorrhea, urinary frequency and constipation ). Conclusions The size of lesions in patients with adenomyosis is related to the clinical symptoms such as increased menstrual flow, prolonged menstrual flow and abnormal vaginal bleeding. The location of adenomyosis is related to the increase of menstrual flow and abnormal vaginal bleeding. Ultrasound should be combined with the clinical symptoms of patients, focus on the ultrasound image analysis to avoid missed diagnosis, misdiagnosis.