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通过对贵阳市花溪区麦坪乡煤矿区矸石堆场周边土壤进行采样分析,研究了煤矸石影响下土壤藻类群落组成和生物量的变化以及生物量、物种多样性指数与土壤因子之间的相关关系。结果表明:该区自然土壤藻类共计5门43属,其中蓝藻门(Cyanophyta)13个属、绿藻门(Chlorophyta)17个属、硅藻门(Bacillariophyta)7个属。受煤矸石污染后,土壤藻类的种类和数量明显减少,污染严重区域土壤藻类中蓝藻门仅有3个属、绿藻门4个属;香浓指数与有效铁、有效锰及速效磷含量之间存在极显著的相关性;物种丰富度与pH值和速效磷含量呈显著相关。污染严重区土壤藻类叶绿素a含量比对照区减少了93.1%;藻类生物量与pH值呈显著正相关,与有效铁含量呈显著负相关。调查区内土壤pH值和有效铁含量是影响土壤藻类生长的重要因子。
Through the sampling analysis of the soil around the waste dump in the coal mining area of Maoping Township, Huaxi District, Guiyang City, the changes of soil algal community composition and biomass under the influence of coal gangue and the correlation between biomass, species diversity index and soil factors were studied relationship. The results showed that there were altogether 5 phylum and 43 genus in this area, including 13 genera of Cyanophyta, 17 genera of Chlorophyta and 7 genus of Bacillariophyta. After being contaminated by coal gangue, the species and quantity of soil algae decreased obviously. There were only 3 genera of cyanobacteria in the soil polluted area and 4 genera of Chlorophyta in the heavily polluted area. The aroma index, effective iron, available manganese and available phosphorus There was a significant correlation between species richness and pH and available P content. The content of chlorophyll a in the soil polluted area was reduced by 93.1% compared with the control area. The biomass of algae was positively correlated with pH value and negatively correlated with available iron content. Soil pH value and available iron content in the survey area are important factors affecting the growth of soil algae.