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1839年法国画家达盖尔使用一个“方盒”,第一次把人类看到的景物以科学的手段精细地记录并再现到二维平面上,形成照片。从此人类开始了在摄影技术和方法上的漫漫求索,尤其是20世纪30年代后,摄影实践的客观需要与半导体器件的诞生,拉开了照相机电子自动化进程的序幕。照相机自动化技术的发展,大致经历了四个阶段:半导体硒光电池、硫化镉光敏电阻测光及早期AE(自动曝光)设计的初始时期;以电子分立元件、厚膜电路,标准集成电路(IC)以及大规模集成电路(LSI)模拟控制方式实现AE等自动化功能时期;以集成注入逻辑门电路(I2L)、专用集成电路(ASIC)及中央微处理器(CPU)组成数字回路实现AE、AF(自动调焦)时期;应用模糊逻辑控制以及多个CPU组成的计算机网络控制技术实现照相机智能化控制时期。
In 1839, Daguerre, a French painter, used a “box” to record and reproduce, in a scientific way, the human view of the scene into a two-dimensional plane for the first time to form a photograph. Since then, mankind has started to make long-term exploration in photographic techniques and methods. Especially after the 1930s, the objective need of photographic practice and the birth of semiconductor devices opened the prelude to the process of electronic camera automation. The development of camera automation technology has gone through four stages: the initial period of semiconductor selenium cell, CdS photometry resistance and early AE (automatic exposure) design; the electronic discrete components, thick film circuits, standard integrated circuits (ICs) As well as large-scale integrated circuit (LSI) analog control to achieve AE and other automation functions period; integrated injection logic gate circuit (I2L), ASIC and the central microprocessor (CPU) Automatic focus) period; the application of fuzzy logic control and the composition of multiple CPU network control technology to achieve camera intelligent control period.