乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,在世界范围内,乳腺癌的发病率逐年上升,全球每年发病人数超过110万。在西方国家,乳腺癌的发病率占女性恶性肿瘤的第一位。在我国北京、上海等一些大城市,乳腺癌也成为女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,我国每年约有20万妇女患乳腺癌,近年来,患乳腺癌的人数正在迅速增加。乳腺癌虽然可怕,但也是可治疗并有可能治愈的肿瘤。乳腺癌的现代有效治疗方法有手术、放疗、化疗、内分泌治疗和生物治疗。手术是治疗乳腺癌的主要方法,手术治疗的目标为切除患侧乳房,同时清扫腋窝淋巴结。手术方式有根治术、改良根治术和保留乳房的手术。近年来,国内外越来越多的妇女选择保留乳房的手术。放射治疗是治疗乳腺癌的主要组成部分,是局部治疗手段之一。放射治疗的目标是增加手术切除的局部效果,预防肿瘤局部复发。放射治疗多用于综合治 Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among women. In the world, the incidence of breast cancer has been increasing year by year. The number of people suffering from the disease each year exceeds 1.1 million. In Western countries, the incidence of breast cancer accounts for the first female malignant tumor. In some big cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, breast cancer has become one of the most common malignant tumors among women. About 200,000 women in China suffer from breast cancer each year. In recent years, the number of people suffering from breast cancer has been increasing rapidly. Although terrible, breast cancer is also a treatable and potentially curable tumor. Modern effective treatments for breast cancer include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy and biological therapy. Surgery is the main method for the treatment of breast cancer. The goal of surgical treatment is to remove the ipsilateral breast and clean up the axillary lymph nodes. Surgical methods include radical surgery, modified radical surgery, and surgery to preserve the breast. In recent years, more and more women at home and abroad have chosen to keep breast surgery. Radiation therapy is a major component of breast cancer treatment and it is one of the local treatments. The goal of radiation therapy is to increase the local effect of surgical resection and prevent local recurrence of the tumor. Radiation therapy is mostly used for comprehensive treatment