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干细胞是一类具有自我更新和分化潜能的细胞,包括胚胎干细胞和成体干细胞。精原干细胞(SSC)是一种成体干细胞,是哺乳动物成体睾丸生精上皮中唯一可复制的多能二倍体细胞,能在体外分离纯化、培养、冻存,可进行同体或异体移植。1994年Brinster和Zimmermann首次进行SSC移植试验,有关SSC的研究越来越多,SSC成为生殖领域中的研究热点。主要以小鼠为例,就SSC的生物学特征、增殖与分化和移植及其相关研究进行综述。
Stem cells are a group of cells that have the potential for self-renewal and differentiation, including embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are adult stem cells, which are the only multiplicative diploid cells that can be duplicated in mammalian testes seminiferous epithelium. They can be isolated, purified, cultured and cryopreserved in vitro. In 1994, Brinster and Zimmermann conducted the first SSC transplantation experiment, and more and more researches on SSC were made. SSC has become a research hotspot in the field of reproduction. Mainly in mice, for example, on the biological characteristics of SSC, proliferation and differentiation and transplantation and its related studies are reviewed.