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[目的]比较麻疯树不同部位(叶、皮及种子)临界CO2萃取物的化学物质成分和含量的异同,为进一步了解麻疯树各部位化学物质成分及研究麻疯树在医药、农药等领域的开发利用奠定基础。[方法]采用超临界CO2萃取方法提取了麻疯树不同部位(叶、皮及种子)中的挥发性成分,所得萃取物为深黄色或淡黄色液体,产率为叶0.53%、树皮0.56%、种子0.78%。利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对其萃取物化学成分进行了分析,分离鉴定了各组成及质量分数。[结果]从麻疯树叶、皮、种子挥发性物质中分别检测出26、26、17种化学成分,占挥发性成分的66.88%、36.44%、88.31%。化合物类型以酮、酯、脂肪类、萜类化合物、甾醇类、有机酸类、烷烃等化合物为主。麻疯树叶、皮及种子中超临界CO2萃取物化学组成成分及相对含量差异较大。
[Objective] To compare the chemical components and contents of the critical CO2 extracts from different parts of Jatropha curcas (leaves, barks and seeds), in order to understand the chemical composition of different parts of Jatropha curcas and to study the effects of Jatropha curcas in medicine, pesticide, etc. The development and utilization of the field laid the foundation. [Method] The volatile components in different parts (leaf, skin and seeds) of Jatropha curcas were extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction. The obtained extract was dark yellow or light yellow liquid with the yield of 0.53% and the bark of 0.56 %, Seed 0.78%. The chemical constituents of the extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the components and mass fractions were isolated and identified. [Result] 26, 26 and 17 kinds of chemical components were detected respectively from the volatile substances in leaves, barks and seeds of Jatropha curcas, accounting for 66.88%, 36.44% and 88.31% of the volatile components. The compounds are mainly ketones, esters, fats, terpenoids, sterols, organic acids, alkanes and other compounds. The contents of chemical components and the relative contents of supercritical CO2 extract in leaves, skin and seeds of Jatropha curcas are quite different.