一、少年法院的历史发展少年法院是独特的少年审判制度的一部分。不同于一般审判的少年审判在美国诞生的时候,不是一项法院改革,而是一项一般的监狱和教养制度的改革。在19世纪初,纽约的一些教友派教徒专为本市的少年犯建立了一个名为“收容所”的新机构,用以取代将少年犯和成年犯关押在一起的旧制度。第一个少年法院直到近一个世纪以后方才出现。几乎在整个19世纪,少年教养问题一直是司法发展的一个焦点。随教友派的改革者们的原始措施之后,又相 I. Historical Development of Juvenile Courts Juvenile courts are part of a unique juvenile justice system. Unlike juvenile trials, which were held in general trial, when the United States was founded, it was not a court reform but a general reform of the prison and correctional system. In the early 19th century, some New Catholics in New York specifically established a new institution called “Shelter” for juvenile offenders in the city to replace the old system of detaining juvenile delinquents and adult criminals. The first juvenile court did not appear until nearly a century later. Almost throughout the nineteenth century, the issue of juvenile upbringing has been a focus of judicial development. After the primitive measures of the church-based reformers, they are different