在 1 8世纪人权理论的基础上 ,1 948年《世界人权宣言》将人权的广度与深度推进到新的阶段 ,但也存在时代局限性 ,如将人权的来源归诸“上天”而非社会、不承认集体人权等。人权的实质是个人、群体与整个社会的关系。正确认识和处理权利与权力的关系 ,是促进和保护人权的必要条件 On the basis of the human rights theory of the 18th century, the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights advanced the breadth and depth of human rights to a new stage. However, there were also time limitations. For example, the source of human rights was categorized as “heaven” rather than society , Does not recognize collective human rights and so on. The essence of human rights is the relationship between individuals, groups and society as a whole. Correctly understanding and handling the relationship between rights and power is a necessary condition for the promotion and protection of human rights