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目的对大连地区汉族人群血小板捐献者HPA-1～17基因多态性进行分析,建立本地化的血小板捐献者HPA分型资料库。方法应用PCR-SSP技术,对257名大连地区45岁以下的汉族无血缘关系的血小板捐献者HPA1～17系统基因进行分型。结果大连地区汉族人群血小板捐献者的HPA基因频率如下:1a和1b分别为0.9728和0.0272;2a和2b分别为0.9475和0.0525;3a和3b分别为0.6615和0.3385;4a和4b分别为0.9942和0.0058;5a和5b分别为0.9805和0.0195;6a和6b分别为0.9767和0.0233;7a和7b分别为0.9981和0.0019;9a和9b分别为0.9961和0.0039;11a和11b分别为0.9805和0.0195;13a和13b分别为0.9961和0.0039;14a和14b分别为0.9981和0.0019;15a和15b分别为0.5584和0.4416;HPA-8、10、12、16、17只检测到a位点。经χ2检验,符合HW定律。结论 HPA基因多态性分布存在明显的种族和地域性差异。大连地区HPA基因分布有其独自的特点,其中HPA-3和HPA-15系统不配合率最高,在输血和免疫上具有重要的免疫学意义。
Objective To analyze the polymorphisms of HPA-1 ~ 17 gene in platelets of Han nationality in Dalian and establish a localized HPA typing database of platelet donors. Methods PCR-SSP technique was used to genotype HPA1-17 gene in 257 unrelated Chinese platelet donors under the age of 45 in Dalian. Results The frequency of HPA gene in platelets from Han nationality in Dalian was as follows: 1a and 1b were 0.9728 and 0.0272 respectively; 2a and 2b were 0.9475 and 0.0525; 3a and 3b were 0.6615 and 0.3385 respectively; 4a and 4b were 0.9942 and 0.0058 respectively; 5a and 5b are 0.9805 and 0.0195 respectively; 6a and 6b are 0.9767 and 0.0233 respectively; 7a and 7b are respectively 0.9981 and 0.0019; 9a and 9b are 0.9961 and 0.0039 respectively; 11a and 11b are 0.9805 and 0.0195 respectively; 13a and 13b are 0.9961 and 0.0039; 14a and 14b were 0.9981 and 0.0019; 15a and 15b were 0.5584 and 0.4416, respectively; HPA-8,10,12,16,17 detected a site. The χ2 test, in line with HW law. Conclusion There are obvious ethnic and regional differences in the distribution of HPA polymorphism. HPA gene distribution in Dalian has its own unique features, including HPA-3 and HPA-15 system with the highest rate of incompatibility, has important immunological significance in blood transfusion and immunization.