地震导致的建筑倒塌和人员死亡近年来得到了有效控制,但造成的经济损失却愈加严重。该文运用FEMA-P58建筑地震损失评价方法,进行建筑地震损失预测,以充分利用下一代性能化设计的优势。FEMA-P58方法所需要的各建筑的地震响应,通过基于多自由度集中质量剪切层(MCS)模型和弹塑性时程分析(THA)的建筑震害模拟来获得。以三栋典型建筑为例,进行了基于强度的地震损失预测,以说明该损失预测手段的实现过程。结果表明,在中震(PGA=0.2 g)、大震(PGA=0.4 g)作用下,建筑损失主要来自结构构件和墙体等位移敏感型非结构构件。 The collapse of buildings and deaths caused by the earthquake have been effectively controlled in recent years, but the economic losses are even more serious. This article uses the FEMA-P58 Building Seismic Losses Assessment Methodology to predict building earthquake losses to take full advantage of the next generation of performance-based design. The seismic response of each building required by the FEMA-P58 method is obtained from a building damage simulation based on a multi-degree-of-freedom mass-centered shear (MCS) model and elasto-plastic time history analysis (THA). Taking three typical buildings as an example, the strength-based earthquake loss prediction is carried out to illustrate the realization of the loss prediction method. The results show that under the action of moderate earthquake (PGA = 0.2 g) and large earthquake (PGA = 0.4 g), the construction losses mainly come from displacement-sensitive non-structural components such as structural members and walls.